CMS
Drupal CMS

Drupal CMS

Drupal is an open-source Content Management System (CMS) that is both flexible and powerful, designed for building dynamic websites with a wide range of needs, from corporate sites, community portals, to e-commerce platforms. With its modular architecture and high-level security, Drupal allows users to customize the appearance, features, and integration with various third-party services.

Key features of Drupal include advanced content management, granular access control, as well as support for multilingual functionality and SEO. Drupal is ideal for developers who need a scalable platform, along with an active community that continuously updates and enhances its functionality.

1. System Requirements

System requirements for the Drupal CMS:

  • PHP 8.3
    • Extensions: PDO, XML, GD-library, OpenSSL, JSON, cURL, Mbstring, zlib
  • Composer 2.3.6+
  • Database: MySQL 8.0+, MariaDB 10.6+, Percona Server 8.0+, PostgreSQL 16+
  • Web Server: Apache 2.4.7+ or Nginx 1.1+

Before starting the deployment, prepare:

  • A VPS or server with Ubuntu LTS OS
  • SSH access to the server
  • A domain already pointed to the server

2. Server Preparation

Update the system

sudo apt update 
sudo apt upgrade -y

Install Apache

sudo apt install apache2 -y

Install certbot for Apache

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache -y

Install MariaDB

sudo apt install mariadb-server -y

Add the PPA ondrej/php repository

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php -y
sudo apt upgrade -y

Install PHP 8.3 and the required extensions

sudo apt install libapache2-mod-php8.3 php8.3 php8.3-cli php8.3-common \
  php8.3-apcu php8.3-mbstring php8.3-gd php8.3-intl \
  php8.3-xml php8.3-soap php8.3-bcmath php8.3-mysql php8.3-zip \
  php8.3-curl php8.3-tidy php8.3-imagick php8.3-sqlite3 -y

Open the php.ini configuration file

sudo nano /etc/php/8.3/apache2/php.ini

Set memory_limit

memory_limit = 256M

Restart apache2

sudo systemctl restart apache2

3. Buat Database

Log in to MariaDB

sudo mysql

Create a database drupal and user 'drupal'@'localhost'

CREATE DATABASE drupal;
CREATE USER 'drupal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'rahasia';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON drupal.* TO 'drupal'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit

4. Apache Configuration

Create a virtual host

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/contoh.com.conf

Enter the configuration

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.contoh.com
    ServerAlias contoh.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/contoh.com/web
    <Directory /var/www/contoh.com/web>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
    ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/contoh.com_error.log
    CustomLog /var/log/apache2/contoh.com_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Enable the module and virtual host

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo a2ensite contoh.com.conf
sudo systemctl restart apache2

Request an SSL certificate

sudo certbot --non-interactive \
    -m [email protected] \
    --agree-tos \
    --no-eff-email \
    --apache -d contoh.com -d www.contoh.com \
    --redirect

5. Install Drupal CMS

Create a Drupal CMS project using composer

composer create-project drupal/cms contoh.com

Move the contoh.com directory to /var/www

sudo mv contoh.com /var/www

Change the user-group of the directory

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/contoh.com

Access https://www.contoh.com for installation.

  1. Click Get started, select the desired pre-configured options (these can still be added after installation, so they are not mandatory), then click Next.
  2. Under Give your site a name, enter the website name, then click Next.
  3. In Database configuration, select Database type = MySQL/MariaDB, then enter the database name, username, and password, and click Save and Continue.
  4. Under Create your account, create an account by entering your email and password, then click Finish.
  5. During Setting up your site, the installation process will run.
  6. If the installation completes successfully, you will be redirected to the Dashboard.

The deployment of the Drupal CMS is complete and ready to use.

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